Tap roots on woody plants - fragile or not?

Me too, although for different reasons. Container-based growing needs much more energy and carries lots of risk for root girdling, which causes many trees to prematurely die.

As for root pruning: Ironically, you find much less of that among container-based nurseries than bare-root-based nurseries. We don’t have to read the scientific papers, because hortonomy professors like Linda Chalker-Scott from WSU does the reading and reviewing for us. It’s the main thing she does: Sifting through the literature and dispelling gardening myths. And even makes recommendations based on that plant physiology. Here’s one on the myth of fragile roots: https://s3.wp.wsu.edu/uploads/sites/403/2015/03/fragile-roots.pdf